Digital Model Of 3d Printing - 1752 Words

Table of Contents I History Background 2 II technology detail 3 Contour Crafting (CC) 3 -Concept 3 Building Procedure 3 Automated Reinforcement 4 Automated Plumbing 5 Electrical Network Installation 6 Material 7 III Compare with Conventional House Construction. 8 Conventional House Construction 8 Contour Crafting Vs. Conventional 8 IV Application 9 NASA project 9 Winsun 10 V Future Outlook 10 VI Conclusion 10 I History Background 3D printing technology was start in the mid-1990s, this technology construct the real object from a digital model from computer, layer by layer using certain material in powered state. In the past, this technology is applied in mold manufacturing, and nowadays, it is being used in direct manufacturing. With the improvement of this technology, more and more items can be done through 3D printing. However, the potential of the 3D printing is far more than DIY small household items. In March of 2013, a Chinese firm has claimed to have done 3d printing of ten houses within 24 hours. Two years later, in January of 2015, they has further demonstrate its technology with a five story apartment building, compete with decorative element both inside and outside. In fact, this technology is now overturn the traditional construction industry. In the building construction, building layer by layer has been practiced for several thousand years. Bricking is a common method of building construction, which is actually lay construction. Therefore, it makeShow MoreRelatedWhat Is The Accuracy Of Two 3D Printing Techniques Commonly Used?1167 Words   |  5 PagesDISCUSSION The accuracy of two 3D printing techniques commonly used in orthodontics was assessed in this study. A unique aspect of this research was that 3D printed models were produced from digital impressions acquired directly from the oral environment, and then compared to stone models. The importance of this comparison was the ability to evaluate the entire digital workflow from directly acquiring a digital impression from the oral environment to producing a 3D printed model of it. To our knowledgeRead MoreThree Dimensional Printing Is An Additive Manufacturing Process950 Words   |  4 PagesTHREE DIMENSIONAL PRINTING TECHNOLOGY INTRODUCTION Three Dimensional Printing or 3D Printing is an additive manufacturing process of creating a wide variety of products covering diverse sectors of manufacturing. It is called an additive process because of the fact that material is added in this process of manufacturing instead of machining it out from a base substance. The basic principle behind the working of a 3D Printer is to convert a digital file into a three-dimensional model by adding materialRead MoreMaking A Design With Registration Marks1102 Words   |  5 Pagesour lives whether that is digital or not, but we don’t know how the process behind it. This paper is about three different printing methods. Screen printing, Digital printing and 3D printing. It will go deeper into how each process works and how we get the printed product. First, Screen-printing is used to print on materials such as paper, fabric glass and even hard surfaces such as metal most people use screen printing for signs labels and decals such as stamps (Printing Process Descriptions: EnvironmentRead MorePrinter Models Essay714 Words   |  3 PagesFive 3D Printer Models That Will Hype You Up It seems like only yesterday that the mere thought of 3D printing came across as an absolute absurdity. Creating a physical, real life object directly from a digital design? Impossible! Fortunately for the people of the new age, it isn’t so much of an impossibility anymore. From being accessible only to a select group of people and businesses in the market, to becoming a worldwide sensation that nearly anyone and everyone covets, 3D printing has transcendedRead MoreThree Dimensional Printing Essay750 Words   |  3 PagesThree-dimensional Printing Processes Larry Hornbeck created digital light processing in 1987. Hornbeck invented the digital micro mirror device, first used for cinema projectors. This micro mirror device can be used for digital light processing, which uses arc lamps to harden a liquid plastic resin. Digital light processing is a low cost method and reduces waste. Selective laser melting uses a high-power laser beam to fuse and melt metallic powders. The laser fully melts the powder into a solid 3D object.Read MoreAmazon and 3d Printing1351 Words   |  6 Pages3d printing is no longer a theory or a concept. It has been available to industrial manufactures for the last few year but now as technology is advancing at its usual frightening pace the first home consumer printers are becoming available and like the original printers they are rapidly moving on from their slow, expensive and cumbersome beginnings . The Makerbot replicator 2 is an example of a 3d printer available to the consumer retailing for approx $2000. 3d printing relies on additive manufacturingRead MoreDesigning A 3d Printing Business908 Words   |  4 Pagesbusiness that I choose to discuss is a 3D printing business which offers services to the medical sector, looking at the background information I would be discussing the History of 3D Printing, Medical Printing history , Introduction of 3D printing industry 3D printing, started in the late 80s by a company called Rapid Prototyping Technologies, although there was a delay in the patent application of the original conceiver Dr. Kodama. However the roots of 3D printing can be traced back to 1986 when theRead More3d Printing And Its Effect On The Entire Supply Chain Forever1303 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction 3D printing is a new technology that could potentially change the entire supply chain forever. It is rapidly evolving and gaining a place in many companies. According to a survey performed by the Business Insider as seen in figure 1, 60 percent of firms are either actively using or are evaluating the potential of using 3D printing (Wile). There are an infinite number of uses for 3D printing that come along with advantages and disadvantages. The 3D Printing Process 3D printing, also knownRead More3d Printing Or Additive Manufacturing1630 Words   |  7 Pages 3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of making three dimensional solid objects from a digital file. The creation of a 3D printed object is achieved using additive processes. In an additive process an object is created by laying down successive layers of material until the entire object is created. Each of these layers can be seen as a thinly sliced horizontal cross- section of the eventual object. It all starts with making a virtual design of the object you want toRead More3d Printing And Manufacturing Development1030 Words   |  5 Pages3D Printing and Manufacturing Introduction: In the history of known humanity, starting from the Stone Age,Technological progress has impacted humans more than anything such as changing from an animal cart to Cab less Motor Vehicles, Hand wheel to Nuclear power plant innovation in virtue to generate electricity, To advanced heating and cooling methodology from conventional wood fire or Stone tools to advance manufacturing tools. There are many more examples of technological evidence in the reference

Essay on The Morality of Torture - 1338 Words

The Morality of Torture The moral issue of torture is one that has come under scrutiny by many national and international organizations as of late. To talk about torture one must really understand what torture is. As taken from Dictionary.com â€Å"1.a. Infliction or severe physical pain as a means of punishment or coercion. b. An instrument or a method for inflicting such pain. 2. Excruciating physical or mental pain; agony. 3. Something causing severe pain or anguish.† This is just the literal meaning of the word but doesn’t entail the great horror that usually accompanies torture. As stated in the â€Å"Ticking Bomb† example given on the instruction sheets, â€Å"The interrogation won’t be pretty, and the prisoner may never recover. Shall we do†¦show more content†¦Mistreatment of people creates resentment and anger in the individual and his family, friends and community, and therefore any government-sanctioned torture here is certain to generate more hateful opponen ts of the US. The official use of torture by the President or another governing body in the U.S. (as given as a replacement on the instruction sheet for this paper) would nullify US efforts against torture abroad and undermine U.S. human rights policy. It also would signal to other governments that when faced with a special situation, any behavior is acceptable. It has been proven by organizations such as Human Rights Watch, United States Institute of Peace and The Crimes of War Project that legitimizing torture, even on a small scale, or any form of cruel treatment brings the principles and ethics that society is based on down. Especially if the U.S. uses it because to the rest of the world we are looked up to as the most law-biding nation, yet we bend the rules to fit each circumstance and look for the loop holes which brings further scrutiny on specific things such as; a POW not being a terrorist detainee and are somehow outside the realm of human rights laws against torture. Not only can torture be unproductive it can also work totally against a nation that uses it. For instance if the U.S. didn’t enforce the universally recognized right to not be tortured itShow MoreRelatedThe Morality Of Torture Is Always Morally Wrong977 Words   |  4 Pages The morality of torture has been debated for years. This paper will specifically discuss two articles of opposing viewpoints. David Gushee fervently argues against torture in his article Torture is Always Morally Wrong. In Torture is Moral When Inflicted for a Greater Good Patrick Buchanan argues in favor of torture. The latter of the two, presents the strongest case. Each article grapples the issue of torture in a unique perspective. Gushee’s bold stance against torture is clearly influenced byRead MoreThe Morality Of Torture On The Middle East Today And The War On Terrorism2356 Words   |  10 PagesMorality of Torture. With the issues going on in the Middle East today and the war on terrorism, the use of torture including murder, is a very widespread and controversial issue. Torture is viewed as morally wrong; therefore it is also legally wrong as well, not just on the home front but internationally as well (Is Torture Ever Justified). However, torture is sometimes not only right, but is needed for a greater good. With the case of torture you may not be able to see whether it is clearly wrongRead MoreThe Ethics of Torture Essay examples1206 Words   |  5 PagesThe institution of torture has been in existence for quite sometime; however, it was not always seen as an ethical question. In antiquity, the Romans employed something known as â€Å"the cat-of-nine-tails,† which was a flogging instrument with nine sharp ends. However, the use of torture was not confined to the West, the Chinese utilized â€Å"bamboo sticks to beat people.† During antiquity, torture was used as a punishme nt, but during the Spanish Inquisition, this notion of torture evolved to a meansRead MoreTorture Has Been Practiced Throughout History1685 Words   |  7 PagesTorture has been practiced throughout history. â€Å"Torture is any act that intentionally inflicts severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, when executed to serve a stated purpose other than punishment, such as gathering intelligence information or intimidating government dissenters†(â€Å"Torture†). Many cultures throughout history, such as the Romans, Jews, Egyptians, and many more have used torture as part of their justice and law system. One of the Roman’s torturing methods was crucifixionRead MoreTorture and Ethics1604 Words   |  7 PagesTorture and Ethics Paper Alfreepha Williams AJS/532 July 21, 2013 Patricia DeAngelis Torture and Ethics There are many views or definition of the word â€Å"torture†, which is often debated by many individuals. According to â€Å"International Rehabilitation Council For Torture Victims† (2005-2012), â€Å"torture is an act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining information or a confession, punishing him for anRead MoreThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights Violation1498 Words   |  6 Pagessubjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment† (O’Byrne, 2003, pg. 400). This human rights violation is also discussed in Article 7 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (408). While torture is discussed in many covenants and declarations as morally and legally wrong, many still argue that torture can be justified in certain situations. There are many answers and theories that can be applied to the everlasting question, is torture wrong? All theRead MoreThe United States War On Terror1158 Words   |  5 PagesOne of the major innovations fostered by the â€Å"War on Terror† was the expansion of torture. The dramatic rise in terrorism sparked the unethical advancement of interrogation techniques in order to more effectively acquire information. The emergence of the â€Å"War on Terror† required government officials acquire intelligence in a new way thus spawning the emergence of â€Å"enhanced interrogation† methods, however, the morality of these techniques would come into question as they were revealed to the publicRead MoreTorture Allowed in the United States1408 Words   |  6 Pagessimilar incidents. Torture can be used to prevent these terrible incidents and save the lives of many people. Torture in the United States has been a debatable subject for many years now but after resent tragedies, the idea of torture of many American citizens has changed. It has also been de bated over more after the attacks on September 9, 2001 than any other time in American history. Many fight the legalization of torture for moral and civil reasons but the truth is that torture is a lesser evilRead MoreTorture and National Security: A Moral Question Essay1388 Words   |  6 Pagesexistence of morals, why they are important, and to whom or for whom our moral responsibility lends itself. The curriculum is a comprehensive examination of these questions and successfully projects ideas about human morality that, depending on which text, either affirmed or questioned our morality. In addition, we have addressed moral disengagement, a plague that seems to inject every one of us with the ability to ignore or reject situations which call for moral action. While the curriculum does an appropriateRead MoreTerrorism : The United States1154 Words   |  5 Pagesruthless, but when they are in our hands what exactly is acceptable to save lives. Interrogation can quickly turn t o torture as the line between the two can be thin. To understand and better handle these situations requires a proper perspective of morality, the purpose of interrogation and law. Morality is a tough subject and is defined by groups of people differently. Morality may have universal parts, but often it varies from culture to culture. (4) When molarity is discussed often times the

Challenges of Microfinance Banking in Nigeria Free Essays

CHALLENGES OF MICROFINANCE BANKING IN NIGERIA-1 Nigerians, like many other Africans are generally known as their brother’s keepers in view of the extended family system. But when truly analyzed, there is a possibility that this may not be so? Perhaps a hypothetical deep may reveal that not up to 10% of Nigerians would invest in ventures or people that would yield them nothing in return and here I mean, â€Å"Returns in the short run or in the immediate†. The returns may be financial, emotional, spiritual, relational or social. We will write a custom essay sample on Challenges of Microfinance Banking in Nigeria or any similar topic only for you Order Now But fact is, there is something the investors expect in return when they give and these could include being worshipped as personal heroes, fear of harassments, fear of being harmed, for family ties, religious ties, being perceived as a caring corporate organization with the intent of bigger business tickets etc. Hardly do the â€Å"Nigerian rich† set aside a portion of their riches for the â€Å"unknown poor† or for true charity except such gifts are meant to make them be seen by the Society or Divinity as good or circumvent some threatening harms etc. This anti-poor behavior is projected into organizations; corporate, social, religious and sometimes even Government and parastatals as people see only the short end of developments without heeding the social woes of economic imbalance and insecurity. Consequent upon my above beliefs, I may classify the challenges of Microfinance banking in Nigeria under five (5) main headings: 1. COMMUNICATION GAPS AND INADEQUATE AWARENESS As a background to the undeniable problem of communication for effective microfinance, listen to this quote by Stan Paris on his article on Microfinance As A Means of Reaching The People â€Å"Problems of communication are endemic in the industry, dating back to what could be considered the first micro-loan. In 1976, Muhammad Yunus, a young economics professor at Chittagong University, Bangladesh, took his students into a small village where he discovered a woman crafting beautiful stools out of bamboo. He inquired what the woman earned for her work after repaying the trader from hom she borrowed. She told him she earned the equivalent of 2 cents in net profit. Yunus was appalled. He wanted to help her find a means of financing that would allow her to make more net profit. But, first, Yunus had an enormous communication barrier to overcome. That was a time in Bangladesh when women didn’t touch money and didn’t talk to men, explains Sam Daley-Harris, director of the Mic rocredit Summit Campaign, an important facilitator of dialogue in the industry. Yunus had to have a female student ask the woman a question, then return to tell him the answer. There were barriers of communication even in explaining the value proposition. † Truth is that today, communication barriers exists heavily in Nigeria particularly given that even within a State, there exist as many languages and dialects as exists ethnic groups. Also, high level of illiteracy even among the educated who fails to read important things that would enable them take positive steps towards personal, interpersonal and national development. I recall given many flyers of Elim Kit â€Å"n† Kin to a friend of mine who is well educated and is on a billion naira business locally and international. This guy was in a church service when a play-lets on Kit â€Å"n† Kin was delivered by a group of young people. But after the service, he approached me on how to go about empowering a friend he wants to help and when I suggested kit â€Å"n† Kin, he asked me what that was? Obviously, my educated friend neither read the flyer which is comprehensive and explanatory nor listened to the play†¦.. here lies the problem of many Nigerians of all classes, hence my concern for communication on micro financing. Lets now look at some of areas of specific communication challenges in Nigerian Microbanking In adequate awareness campaigns and supports by the regulators: The CBN and the NDIC as Federal Government’s engine of economic development need to do greater and continuous campaigns to all stake holders; investors, universal banks, the banking public, the micro targeted poor and low-medium scale entrepreneurs until the micro banking ideas sink in the society and gets well accepted. I hear and read the Governor of CBN assuring the public of safety of the Consolidated Banks. But the Similar truths and campaigns should also be carried for the microfinance industry Lack of trust by the oor themselves who believe that the microfinance banks are just like the unregulated community banks and unregulated finance houses. Going by the antecedents of the banking industry in general, no one would blame the people for lack of trust. Only effective and far-reaching campaigns and exhibited trust in the microfinance banks by the government and the regulators can achieve this desirable confi dence. An Uneducated Population: A critical ill of the populace in Nigeria is the bottom, bottom level of poor education of the people. A country where less than 10% of the populace pays attention to the print media, less than 20% listen or watch educative audio-visuals is a great challenge to information dissemination. Incidentally, the literally â€Å"very† educated people do not read handbills and communicative documents that deal with those things like microfinance banking since they have no interest in such activities. A survey of how many people would read this documentary would shock you even if the Guardian Newspapers circulate it free to just the middle and upper classers. This attitude is worse with the targeted microfinance clients. They are more interested in chasing their â€Å"kobos† than reading or listening to programs that would help them build up and improve on their standards of living The Active Poor’s Current Preference for Gifts Than Loans. Generally, a hindrance to economic development in Nigeria is the gift preference of the poor as a culture from political and religious biases. The politicians, the rich in religious circles, towns and villages all over Nigeria have cultured the poor to beggarliness and dependence rather than empowerment for productive and financial independence. Gifts are not usually regarded as re-investment treasures by the receivers. This is why givers ought to challenge the receivers to effectively put their gifts to work by rendering these helps through microfinance banks. Products such as ELIM Kit â€Å"n† Kin are meant for well intended givers to assist the poor live above perpetual begging. It is known internationally that micro-financing is not charity. Micro funds are meant for the productive activities of the beneficiaries. Consequently, only people who fall within the active poor or low income earners who are willing and able to utilize the loans for productive activities and repay both interest and capital are the bona-fide candidates for microfinance. 2. ANTI-POOR ATTITUDES OF NIGERIANS Dearth of quality investments in microfinance banks:. Most surplus spenders and investors in Nigeria, because of the lethargic attitudes to the poor, would not invest in Micro finance banks. They prefer to invest in the â€Å"billion naira profit making consolidated banks†. Again, Nigeria investors are coasted by the quick-return and trader-like attitudes which surely does not result in a meaningful development for the Nation. They are therefore unable to go through the gestation period required in the young microfinance industry for their investments to start yielding good dividends. The Grameen Bank of Mohammad Yunus did not start making profit in year one, but today, that bank is one of the most profitable financial institutions in Asia and yet, it is a financial institution with classic recognition for adding the greatest value to humanity. Snobbish and selfish attitudes by the financially well to do Nigerians. Hopefully, good campaigns and direct involvement by the who is who in Nigeria would solve the current snub by the rich on poverty alleviation programs and enable these categories of Nigerians see that Microfinance is both a good and rewarding investment and a good development project that directly and indirectly impact their lives. 3. INSUFFICIENT SUPPORT FROM THE REGULATORS AND GOVERNMENTS Poor buy-ins and competitive approaches by the State Governments and Local Governments. The policy direction towards the millennium development goals is that one percent of the annual votes of the State and Local Governments should be channeled to Microfinance banks for on-lending to the poor and low to medium scale entrepreneurs. So far, very few states have taken steps to get this started. Lagos state is a shinning example that has taken the lead to effectively and efficiently put microfinance banking into focus. Their microfinance institutionalization, the dept of involvement of the Ministry of Women Affairs and Poverty Alleviation in developmental activities at the grassroots is equaled by non I know in Nigeria of today. This Ministry is not just a moribund ministry; it is a ministry that is empowered and achieving evidential results. This ministry needs to be copied by every state in Nigeria. Today, some 800 microfinance banks are established in Nigeria, but some states rather than use the services of these banks licensed by the CBN, choose to find a round about way of dealing with mega banks or establishing their â€Å"owned† micro credit institutions. It is my candid opinion that government involvements in microfinance banking would be counterproductive as they should concern themselves with policy formulation and control rather than implementation. How can someone formulate policies, implement it and effectively control it? Nigerian Microfinance banks have what it takes to manage micro funds for states and international bodies and should be given the chance to do so under strict supervision and controls. How to cite Challenges of Microfinance Banking in Nigeria, Papers

Microwave Ovens Essay Example For Students

Microwave Ovens Essay Microwave OvensMicrowaves are also called electronic oven, and are appliances that cook food by means of high-frequency electromagnetic waves called microwaves. A microwave oven is a relatively small, boxlike oven that raises the temperature of food by subjecting it to a high-frequency electromagnetic field. The microwaves are absorbed by water, fats, sugars, and certain other molecules, whose consequent vibrations produce heat. The heating thus occurs inside the food, without warming the surrounding air; this greatly reduces cooking time, and baking and other cooking tasks that require hours in a conventional oven can be completed in minutes in a microwave oven. Microwave ovens generate radiation at a frequency of about 2,450 megahertz by means of a magnetron, which is a kind of electron tube. Since the heating occurs by an absorption process, microwave ovens tend to cook certain foods unevenly or at different rates. For example, moist foods cook faster than less moist ones and mois t outer layers tend to absorb most of the radiation before it can reach inner sections, which remain uncooked. Microwave ovens also cannot brown or crisp foods on the outside. Most types of glass, Styrofoam, polyethylene, paper, and similar materials do not absorb the microwaves and hence do not heat up. Foods cannot be cooked in metal vessels in a microwave oven, however, because the metal blocks out the microwaves. Microwave ovens are subject to safety standards that ensure minimal levels of radiation leakage from them, and no significant health hazards are associated with such leakage.